The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck two times late to take a shock lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.